Estoppel (Legal Terminology)

A legal term referring to an individual losing the ability to deny the existence of a condition by virtue of his or her behavior. For example, if a health insurer has paid out several claims to an individual with a certain disease in the past, he or she may be estopped from later claiming the disease is not covered, because the insured was reasonably led to believe it was covered.

Estoppels

Legal doctrines that prevent a person from denying the truth of a previous representation of fact, especially when such representation has been relied on by the one to whom the statement was made.

ET

HCPCS Level II modifier that may be used with CPT or HCPCS Level II codes indicating an emergency treatment.

Ethics

Standards of conduct generally accepted as a moral guide for behavior by which an insurance billing or coding specialist may determine the appropriateness of his or her conduct in a relationship with patients, the physician, coworkers, the government, and insurance companies.

EU Regulation 2027/97

Retains Warsaw Convention and Hague Protocol systems but abolishes financial limits for passenger death/injury and obliges air carriers to make advance payments to alleviate economic need. It follows the IATA Agreements and seeks to harmonise the obligations of community air carriers regarding liability for accidents to passengers given that the Warsaw Convention applies only to international flights. All defences are waived for the first 100,000 SDRs of each claim but the defence under Article 21 (proof that all necessary measures to avoid the damage had been taken) of the Warsaw Convention and Hague Protocol of contributory negligence by the passenger is retained. The Regulation lays down minimum insurance requirements.