Community health center (CHC)

Ambulatory health care facility that provides programs and care to the indigent in a community. CHCs usually serve a catchment area that has scarce or nonexistent health services or a population with special health needs. These centers attempt to coordinate federal, state, and local resources in a single organization capable of delivering both health and related social services to a defined population. Although such a center may not directly provide all types of health care, it is usually responsible for arranging all medical services needed by its patient population. Also called neighborhood health center.

Community mental health center (CMHC)

Facility that provides comprehensive, ambulatory outpatient mental health day services to individuals residing in a specific locale (catchment area). CMHC is defined in the community Mental Health Centers Act (Section 201), which specifies the services to be provided and requirements for the governance, organization, and operation of the centers. The CMHC Act provides for federal financial assistance for the construction, development, and initial operations of CMHCs and, on an ongoing basis, for the costs of their consultation and education services. Health care services may consist of counseling, education, evaluation, development of skills for daily living, vocational rehabilitation, and short-term stabilization services.

Community Property

A special ownership form requiring that one half of all property earned by a husband or wife during marriage belongs to each. Community property laws do not generally apply to property acquired by gift, by will, or by descent.

Community rating

Method for determining premiums for a managed care health insurance plan wherein the premium is based on the average cost of the actual or anticipated health services used by all subscribers in a certain geographical area. Use of this method helps spread the cost of illness evenly for all subscribers to the insurance plan. Individual characteristics of the insured are not considered. Sometimes called pooled rate. See also pooling.