Pre-Action Protocols

Part of the Civil Procedure Rules covering claims procedures and timetables in respect of: personal injury; clinical negligence; defamation disputes; professional negligence; construction and engineering disputes. The objects are to encourage the early exchange of full information about the claim; to enable the parties to avoid litigation by agreeing a settlement; and to support the management of proceedings. The Protocols lead to a ‘cards on the table’ approach.

Pre-Advice

Preliminary advice that a letter of credit has been established in the form of a brief authenticated wire message. It is not an operative instrument and is usually followed by the actual letter of credit.