Mandatory supplemental benefits

Medical services not covered by Medicare that enrollees must purchase as a condition of enrollment in a Medicare Advantage Plan. Usually those services are paid for by premiums and/or cost sharing. Mandatory supplemental benefits can be different for each Medicare Advantage Plan. Medicare Advantage Plans must ensure that any particular group of Medicare beneficiaries does not use mandatory supplemental benefits to discourage enrollment.

Manifestation/Injury Theories

Two theories often used to identify the time when a person suffers bodily harm. The timing of this harm can be important in determining which of two or more Insurance policies provides coverage. Under the injury the theory, a person suffers harm when he first comes into contact with the physical Agent which ultimately results in injury or disability, frequently after a significant period of dormancy.