Bonds whose income payments and principal repayments are dependent on a pool of instruments such as a diversified pool of commercial loans or bond instruments bought in the secondary market or from the balance sheet of a bank. The cash flows are sold as securities and the risk of default is transferred accordingly. Banks may benefit from early repayment of the derlying loans and so create risk-related layers in bond format and offer them via an SPV. Investors, such as reinsurers who take up high-risk layers, are compensated by high yields on the securities. See INSURITISATION; SECURITISATION.