American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI)

Professional association of allergists and immunologists. Established in 1942, the ACAAI is dedicated to improving the quality of patient care in allergy and immunology through research, advocacy, and professional and public education. The ACAAI’s goals are to (1) improve the quality of patient care in allergy, asthma, and immunology; (2) maintain and advance the diagnostic and therapeutic skills of members and foster their appropriate application; (3) sponsor and conduct educational and scientific programs and publications; (4) develop and disseminate educational information for members, patients, health plan purchasers and administrators, and other physicians and health professionals.

American College of Surgeons (ACS)

Nonprofit scientific and educational association of surgeons that was founded in 1913 to improve the care of the surgical patient by setting high standards for surgical education and practice. Examples of activities conducted by ACS include educational programs such as the Clinical Congress and standard-setting programs in cancer and trauma care.

American College of Surgeons Professional Association (ACSPA)

Affiliated nonprofit corporation founded by the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Board of Regents in 2002 to develop new products and services to benefit surgeons and their patients. An initial and major component of ACSPA’s efforts is the formation of a political action committee (PAC) that will work to improve the legislative and regulatory climate in which surgeons practice.

American Dental Association (ADA)

Professional organization for dentists that has guidelines for completion and submission of a dental claim form. The ADA maintains the Current Dental Terminology (CDT) medical code set. The ADA and the Dental Content Committee (DeCC), which it hosts, have formal consultative roles under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).

American exposures

Liability insurers regard any US exposure as material and therefore all known exposures should be disclosed. The exposure may arise through: (a) having employees and/or representation in the US; (b) products exported to the US; (c) US business trips. The concern has its origin in: (i) strict liability in many states; (ii) jury awards; (iii) an established contingent fee system (lawyers work on a ‘no win, no fee’ basis); (iv) punitive damages awards; (v) liberal interpretations of policies; (vi) reluctance to take contributory negligence into account.