A financial reinsurance transaction in which loss obligations that are already incurred and which are expected to ultimately be paid are ceded to a reinsurer. In determining the premium paid to the reinsurer, the time value of money is considered, and the premium is therefore less than the ultimate amount expected to be paid. The difference between the premium paid for the transaction and the amount reserved by the cedent is the amount by which the cedent’s statutory surplus increases. Other terms used in context with Lloyd’s contracts are loss portfolio-rollover and reinsurance to close. Regulations apply to these transactions to ensure that sufficient underwriting risk is transferred by the ceding insurer to the reinsurer. Loss portfolio transfers may be used when an insurer is exiting a line of business, for certain long tail occurrence claims, or in mergers and acquisitions.
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A form of financial reinsurance involving the transfer of loss obligations already incurred that, when ultimately paid, will exceed the consideration paid to the reinsurer for undertaking such obligations. The amount by which the transferred obligations exceed the consideration paid is the resultant increase to the cedant’s statutory surplus.

The provision in a reinsurance contract that designates that the losses to which the reinsurance applies are those losses that actually happen during the term of the reinsurance even if the original policies that cover the losses are issued (as new or renewal policies) prior to the inception of the reinsurance contract. (See also Policies Attaching.)

Excess of loss contracts are generally arranged for a period of one year, say from 1st January to 31st December. If any loss occurs during the specified period, it will fall within the scope of the contract though the policies under which such losses arise may have incepted prior t the date of commencement of excess of loss cover. The Ceding Company would normally arrange for the renewal of the contract to ensure continued protection for the run-off portfolio and for new risks attaching during the next annual period.

REINSURANCE: Losses (reported or not reported) which have occurred but have not been paid.
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The amount of loss for which the Insurer is liable and which it expects to pay in the future.
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The claims not yet settled by an insurer, expressed in a summary statement.