Health care employee trained to provide medical care under the direct or indirect supervision of a physician (e.g., certified registered nurse practitioner, certified nurse midwife, physician assistant, occupational therapist, clinical psychologist, clinical social worker, clinical nurse specialist, physical therapist, certified registered nurse anesthetist). PEs might also include auxiliary personnel such as registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, technicians, medical assistants, and any other individual acting under a physician’s supervision. Some states specify certain supervision requirements such as physician telephone or on-site access, chart review/sign-off, and conferencing. Further information via the Internet is available at the websites of the American Association of Physician Assistants and the American College of Nurse Practitioners. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) refers to PEs as limited license practitioners (LLPs). Also referred to as nonphysician practitioner (NPP), midlevel provider (MLP) , or midlevel practitioner (MLP).