Benefits/contributions that are not subject to the rules applicable to protected rights benefits and contributions. They are provided by contributions to contracted out money purchase pension scheme or appropriate personal pension plan that are in excess of the level needed to secure protected rights benefits.

A collective fidelity guarantee insurance to provide additional cover on a floating basis to supplement the specified sums insured in respect of the individual employees.

Insurance to cover the excess amount of liability for general average contributions, salvage charges, sue and labour charges and three-fourths collision liability where the full amount is not covered by a hull policy. It overcomes the problem of under-insurance and the rateable reduction in an insurer’s liability consequent upon a rise in value of the hull owing to a rise in tonnage values upon general average is assessed.

An insurance arranged by tour operators in connection with US and Canada fly-drive holidays. The car company effects third party cover for limits in excess of the statutory minimum for the benefit of the car users. Nonetheless the high level of damages awarded to the victims of road accidents in North America may exceed the cover provided. The purpose of excess liability insurance is to cover the liability that is uninsured under the car company’s insurance arrangements.

A form of excess of loss ratio reinsurance. The excess point is recalculated each year as a moving average of the loss ratio experienced over an agreed number of preceding years. The ceding office agrees to bear an agreed share of any loss in excess of that average.

The marine insurance equivalent of surplus reinsurance. As a rule the retention is based on a table of limits graded according to the class of the carrying vessel. Retentions are based on total sums insured and not estimated maximum loss (EMLs) as in fire insurance.

UK: a form of non-proportional reinsurance under which the reinsurer agrees to indemnify the cedant for losses in excess of a specified amount (the cedant’s retention), either in respect of each risk or for claims in aggregate arising from a particular occurrence.
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A form of reinsurance under which recoveries are available when a given loss exceeds the cedant’s retention defined in the agreement.
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A type of reinsurance that covers specified losses incurred by the reassured in excess of a stated amount (the excess) up to a higher amount, for example £5 million excess of £1 million. An excess of loss reinsurance is a form of non-proportional reinsurance.
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US: The reinsurance limit attaches above a per occurrence or aggregate limit.

Aircraft fleets can be insured on the basis that the deductible is so large that the owner is virtually his own insurer except for very large losses. The schemes can take a variety of forms, e.g. (a) the insurer paying if the claims arising from any one accident exceed a figure that is an appreciable percentage of the value of the aircraft; (b) similarly, but the excess is a percentage of the total value of the fleet; (c) the insurer paying only losses which, taken over the whole fleet during the course of the year, exceed a certain percentage of the value of the fleet.